The Gambia: A Small West African Nation
The Gambia is the smallest country on mainland Africa. It is surrounded by Senegal on three sides. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Its unique geography features the Gambia River, which flows through the center of the country and empties into the Atlantic.
Geography and Climate
- Location: West Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean
- Area: 11,300 square kilometers
- Climate: Tropical savannah climate with a short rainy season from June to September
- Terrain: Flood plain of the Gambia River flanked by low hills
Culture and People
- Population: Approximately 2.4 million people
- Ethnic groups: Mandinka, Fula, Wolof, Jola, and others
- Languages: English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, and other indigenous languages
- Religion: Islam (95%), Christianity (4%), and animists
Economy and Infrastructure
- Economy: Mainly agricultural with groundnut production, fishing, and tourism
- GDP: $1.76 billion
- Infrastructure: Roadways (3,742 km), waterways (390 km), and Banjul International Airport
History and Government
- Independence: Gained independence from the UK on February 18, 1965
- Government: Presidential republic with a multi-party system
- Capital: Banjul
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